including和included的区别

文/张哲

including和included的区别:included过去分词,是种非谓语形式,可作状语,定语,表被动意义;including是现在分词,是种非谓语形式,可作状语,定语,表主动意义。

including和included的区别

including和included的区别是什么

词性:

Included是动词include的过去式和过去分词形式,可以作为形容词使用,表示“包括在内的”意思。

Including是动词include的现在分词形式,通常作为介词使用,表示“包括”的意思。

用法:

Included 作为形容词,可以放在被修饰的名词或代词之后,起到补充说明的作用。例如:"The freight is included in the account."(运费包括在账内)。

Including作为介词,后面直接接宾语,通常用在逗号后面或冒号前面,有时也可以放在句子中作为状语或定语。例如:"There are all sorts of animals, including bears, pigs, kangaroos, and penguins."(有各种各样的动物,包括熊、猪、袋鼠和企鹅)。

主动与被动:

Including作为现在分词,通常表示主动意义,即“包括”的动作是由句子的主语发出的。

Include 作为过去分词,通常表示被动意义,即“包括”的动作是由句子的宾语发出的。

including和included的双语例句

including:

We'll never be intimidated by war threats,including nuclear war threats.

我们决不会被战争威胁包括核战争威胁所吓倒.

There are ten people in this office including me.

这个办公室连我共有10人.

included:

Wartime austerities included food rationing and shortage of fuel.

战时的艰苦包括食物配给和燃料短缺。

The tour included a visit to the Science Museum.

旅游项目中包括参观科学博物馆。

His assets included shares in the company and a house in London.

他的财产包括公司的股票和位於伦敦的房子。

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