already(已经)
just(刚刚)
never(从不)
ever(曾经)
yet(仍然)for+一段时间
since+过去年代,+过去时间,+一般过去时态的句子
肯定句 主语+have/has+been+动词的现在分词+其他
否定句 主语+haven’t/hasn‘t+been+动词的现在分词+其他
一般疑问句 have/has+主语+been+动词的现在分词+其他
肯定回答:Yes.主语+have/has 否定回答:No.主语+haven't/hasn't
1) 表示一个在过去开始而在最近刚刚结束的行动,如:
Ann is very tired. She has been working hard.
Why are your clothes so dirty? What have you been doing?
2) 表示一个从过去开始但仍在进行的行动,如:
It has been raining for two hours. (现在还在下)
Jack has been feeling very well recently.
3) 表示一个从过去开始延续到现在,可以包括现在在内的一个阶段内,重复发生的行动,如:
She has been playing tennis since she was eight.
4) 现在完成时强调动作行为的结果、影响,而现在完成进行时只强调动作行为本身,如:
Tom’s hands are very dirty. He has been repairing the car.
The car is going again now. Tom has repaired it.
标志:1.句中常有延续性动词,2.时间点前有since。