"Whom"和"who"是英语中的疑问代词,用于引导问句或从句中的主语或宾语。
1. "Whom"是"who"的宾格形式,用于引导宾语从句或作为宾语出现在句子中。例如:
- Whom did you invite to the party?(你邀请了谁参加派对?)
- The book is for whom?(这本书是给谁的?)
2. "Who"则是主格形式,用于引导主语从句或作为主语出现在句子中。例如:
- Who is that girl?(那个女孩是谁?)
- Who wants to go to the movies?(谁想去看电影?)
这两个词的选择要根据其在句子中的作用来决定。如果在句子中做宾语,要使用"whom";如果在句子中做主语,要使用"who"。
拓展知识:在现代英语中,"whom"逐渐被人们认为是正式用法,大多数情况下,人们更倾向于用"who"而不是"whom",特别是在口语中。因此,如果你不确定,使用"who"作为疑问代词也是正确的。
只要牢记几点,就能彻底弄清who和whom的区别了。
一、who/whom都指人,who在从句中做主语,whom在从句中做宾语,常省略;whom 出现在从句里面时,所有用whom的地方都可以用who代替。如:
The teacher who wears a black jacket is my senior high school teacher.
那个穿着黑色夹克的人是我的高中老师。
The child who is playing football comes from abroad.
那个踢足球的小孩来自国外。
You're the person (whom)/who I want to see.
你就是我想见的人。
The one with brown hairs is just the person (whom)/who the police want to arrest.
那个头发棕色的人正是警察要逮捕的人。
二、Whom是who的宾格,只出现在很正式的书面语,口语中不用。在口语中,who既可以当主语,也可以当宾语,而whom只能当宾语,经常出现介词(to,from,at,of...)后面,如:
Who are you?而不能是Whom are you?
你是谁?(主语)
Who/Whom did you meet at the airport?
你在机场遇到了谁?(宾语)
Whom did you give the money to?
你把钱给了谁?
上面这句也可以用who:
Who did you give the money to?
但是当介词to提前时,就只能用whom,如:
To whom did you give the money?(正)
To who did you give the money?(误)