not only…but also…是一个常用的英语并列结构,用于连接两个具有相同语法功能的词、短语或句子,表示“不仅……而且……”。这个结构常用于强调两者都重要或都适用。其基本用法和特点包括:
连接两个对等的成分:无论是词、短语还是句子,都可以用not only…but also…连接。例如,“He is not only intelligent but also hardworking.”(他不仅聪明,而且勤奋。)
谓语动词的单复数:当连接两个主语时,谓语动词的单复数形式通常与靠近的主语保持一致,遵循就近原则。例如,“Not only the students but also the teacher is enjoying the film.”(不仅学生们在欣赏这部影片,而且老师也在欣赏。)
倒装结构:当not only位于句首时,其后要接倒装结构,即将助动词、情态动词或be动词放在主语之前。例如,“Not only does he speak Chinese, but he also speaks English.”(他不仅会说中文,而且还会说英文。)
省略also:在not only…but also…结构中,also可以省略,或者换成too或as well(要置于句末)。例如,“He not only drinks but also smokes.”或“He not only drinks but too/as well smokes.”
强调作用:这个结构常用于强调两者都重要或都适用。例如,“She not only sings well but also dances beautifully.”(她不仅歌唱得好,而且舞也跳得美。)
语法平行:在not only…but also…结构中,两部分在语法上需要保持平行,即如果第一部分是动词,第二部分也应该是动词;如果第一部分是名词,第二部分也应该是名词,以此类推。
not only you but also he needs this book.不但你需要这本书,而且他也需要。
Not only the students but(also) the teacher is active in sports and games.不但学生,就连老师都积极参加体育运动。
Not only you but also he is going to the park this morning.今天早上不但你打算去公园,而且他也打算去。
Not only he but also we are going to the cinema this evening.今天晚上不但他要去电影院,而且我们也要去。