-
-
省略句是英语的一种习惯用法。按照语法的分析，句子应该具备的成分，有时出于修辞上的需要，在句中并不出现，这种句子叫做省略句，这种语法现象称为“省略”。
省略句的用法
省略句是英语的一种习惯用法。按照语法的分析，句子应该具备的成分，有时出于修辞上的需要，在句中并不出现，这种句子叫做省略句，这种语法现象称为“省略”。其特点是：虽然省去句子语法构造所需要的组成部分，但仍能表达其完整的意义。省略形式多样，从单词、短语到分句，都可以省略，而且各有一定的衔接关系，不容臆断。
【考点一】考查状语从句的省略
在以when, while, if, as if, though (although), as, whether, once, whenever等连词引导的状语从句中，若从句的主语是it或与主句的主语相同，且在谓语中含有be动词时，常省略从句的主语和be，引导词后直接跟不定式、分词、形容词、介词短语等。 Look out for cars when (you are) crossing the street.
While (I was) walking along the street, I heard my name called.
He looked everywhere as if (he was) in search of something.
Unless (it is) necessary, you'd better not refer to the dictionary.
【考点二】不定式符号to的省略
感官实义动词see, hear, feel, watch等和使役动词 have, make, let等后接不定式作宾补时, 省略不定式to；do nothing but, can't (help/choose) but等结构常接省略to的不定式；在口语中，为了避免重复，不定式可以省去和句子前部重复的动词原形而只保留 不定式符号 to。但to后如有be，have 则保留。
I watched him disappear in the distance.
Sandy could do nothing but admit to his teacher that he was wrong.
①My parents encouraged me to go to college, but I didn't want______ .
②—Are you a sailor?—No, but I used______ .
【考点三】替代词so/not的省略
用于避免重复前面说过的内容，替代词so/not代替肯定或否定的内容。可与believe, do,
expect, fear, guess, hope, say, speak, suppose, think, I'm afraid, if等连用。否定时hope与guess
只用I hope not 和I guess not 形式，而think, believe, suppose等其他词可有两种否定形式 ，即：I think not 或I don't think so。
—Will you be able to finish your report today? —I hope so.
—The boys are not doing a good job at all, are they? ——I guess not.
英语省略句例句
1.(You) Open the door,please.请开一下门。
2.Who (comes) next?该谁了?
3.(There is) No smoking.禁止抽烟。
4.Are you thirsty ? 你30岁了吗?Yes,I am (thirsty).是的，我是。
5.Let's do the dishes. I'll wash and you'll dry(dishes). 让我们洗碗吧，我来洗，你来揩干。
6.He was not hurt. (how)Strange! 他没有受伤，真奇怪!
7.(I wish) Good luck (to you) .祝你好运/祝你顺利。