1) 定义:人称代词是用来指代人、动物或事物的代词。它必须在人称(第一人称、第二人称、及第三人称)、数(单数、复数)以及性(阴性、阳性、中性)三方面与被指代的名词一致。
如:I am a student. Tom is a boy, and he is a student.
Mary is very pretty, and she likes singing.
The boys are students, and they are in the room.
The boy is small. It is Tom's.
2) 人称代词的句法功能
A) 人称代词有主格和宾语之分:主格用作主语,宾格用作宾语。
B) 人称代词的主格形式在在句中作主语和表语。
如: I like music(主语). She is a teacher.(主语)
She and I are good friends(主语).
Neither she nor I am student.
——I saw the boys this morning.
——Are you sure it was they(表语)?
It might have been she.
C) 人称代词的宾格在句子作动词的宾语,或者介词的宾语。
如:I saw him at the party(宾语).
I haven't seen them recently.(宾语)
I bought a book for them.(作介词宾语)=I bought them a book.(间接宾语)