hard的用法:
1:hard作“困难的”解时,指要消耗很大的体力去做某事,有时也指精神上的困难。
2:hard还可表示“费力的,费神的,艰难的” “持强硬态度的,不妥协的,不让步的” “有力的,猛烈的,严厉的” “困苦的,难以忍受的” “(声音)刺耳的,(颜色)刺目的” “酒精含量高的”等。
3:hard在句中可用作定语或表语,其后可跟for〔to, with〕等介词短语、动词不定式、that从句。
4:hard是对主语具有评价意义的形容词,说明主语在哪方面“难”。接动词不定式时,句子的主语不是该不定式的主语,而是该不定式的宾语。
5:hard修饰动态动词,位于实义动词之后。
hard的常用短语:
用作形容词 (adj.)
as hard as a brick〔rock, stone〕
be hard on
hard and fast
hard going
hard lines〔luck〕 (on sb)
hard of hearing
hard to take
take a hard line (on〔over〕)
too much like hard work
用作副词 (adv.)
be hard put (to it) to
be hard up for
hard by
hard done by
hard on
hard on sb's heels
hit...hard
take...hard